In the laboratory which was established in 2002, the content of 70 elements in rock and natural water samples is measured in the order of ppb / ppt (micro / nano grams / liter). With the Laser Ablation sampling unit, measurements can be made on solid samples without taking them into solution.
• ICP – MS unit contains the THERMO ELECTRON X7 ICP-MS device. The main components of the system are Scott type ultrasonic nebulizer, Sampling-Stripping cones, ion optics, hexapole mass spectrometer, differential focusing unit, collision cell, Quadrupole mass spectrometer, ETP Electron Multiplexer detector and Neslab RF generator cooler. For system main components diagram.
• Automatic Sample Loading Unit: CETAC ASX-510 model automatic sample loader is used to load liquid samples into the ICP-MS device. Sample tubes made of LPDE are cleaned with ultrapure acid before use.
• ICP-MS Control and Data Processing Unit: During the analysis, all controls of the ICP-MS device are carried out by the PC. Mutual data flow uses 90% of the Pentium-4 CPU time.
• Laser Ablation Unit: The Laser Ablation system used for the analysis of solid samples directly on the ICP-MS device includes the New Wave Merchantec Polaris ST UP 266 model device. The surface of the solid sample is bombarded with 266 nanometer wavelength (ultraviolet) photon beams produced by the laser etching system. By using the intensive energy and controlled geometry of the photon beams, cylindrical volumes of 5 microns to 400 microns in diameter can be sampled on the sample surface. The sampled area can be monitored on the computer screen thanks to the CCD camera component of the system. Intense laser energy enables the following processes to occur on the sample surface, in order: melting> evaporation> atomization> ionization. The plasma created by laser energy is swept by high purity argon and applied to the ICP-MS plasma torch.
• Grinding Unit: The grinding unit is used to grind solid samples before they are put into solution. The still used grinding unit consists of metal jaw crushers. Metal contamination at trace element level is likely to occur in samples that are crushed in this way. Efforts are underway to provide a grinding system made of inert material in order to eliminate the possibility of metal contamination due to grinding. Grinding the solids with suitable hardness in agate mortar is recommended as a practical solution in the short term.
• Melting Unit: The melting unit is used to take the ground solid samples into solution. The grinded sample + lithium meta borate mixture of a certain mass is melted in a platinum crucible at 1100oC for half an hour by firing. The solution is transferred to nitric acid + fluoric acid mixture and dissolved. Diluted Solution is used in Solution ICP-MS readings.
• Fusion Unit: The fusion unit is used to prepare fusion discs from ground solid samples. The grinded sample + lithium tetra borate mixture of a certain mass is melted in platinum molds by baking at 1050oC for one hour. Major and minor element concentrations are determined with the non-destructive XRF technique on the discs obtained from the cooling platinum molds. The same discs can also be used to determine all sample trace element concentrations using the Laser Etching ICP-MS technique.
• Press Disc Unit: The ground sample + Moviol mixture is turned into a tablet under a pressure of 25 tons / cm2 in an aluminum mold. Tablets are used to determine all sample trace element concentrations using the Laser Etching ICP-MS technique.
• Microwave Furnace Unit: This unit is used to take ground solid samples into solution or to break down liquid samples that are difficult to dissolve in acid due to their strong molecular structure. The sample with a certain mass is heated with the appropriate amount of ultrapure acid (mixture) in a Teflon bomb with microwave energy. The risk of contamination of the sample is minimal. Since samples with different reaction tendencies may cause explosion in the microwave oven, only samples with similar chemical reaction characteristics need to be taken into the oven at the same time. In order to eliminate this risk, studies are continuing to provide a pressure probe to the existing furnace.
• Acid Distillation Unit: This unit is used for the production of high purity acid required for sample preparation and analysis by thermal distillation. The laboratory still produces HNO3 with a single-stage quartz distillation system and HF acid with a single-stage Teflon distillation system. Efforts are underway to provide new distillation units in order to increase the current acid production amount.
• Ultra Pure Water Unit: This unit is used to produce high purity water required for sample preparation and analysis. The features of two separate water purification systems available in the laboratory are shown in the table below.
• Prof. Dr. Abidin BASIC
• Prof. Dr. C. Serdar BAYARI
• Prof. Dr. N. Nur ÖZYURT
• Assoc. Prof. Dr. Elif VAROL MURATÇAY
• Dr. G. Deniz KÜLAHCI
• Dr. Esra Kilic
• Dr. Pinar AVCI
• Çağlar BOZAN (Senior Engineer)
• Ayşenur AMİL (Eng. Eng.)
• Özümcan Alara KAYA (Senior Engineer)
• Hydrogeological Study of Gazipaşa (Antalya) Coastal Plain, Bayarı, C. Serdar, (Prof. Dr.) (Project Manager) Hacettepe University Scientific Research Project, N. Nur Özyurt, Pınar Avcı, Gizem Erkan (Assistant Researcher), Project No: FHD-2015-9161 (27/12 / 2015-29 / 10/2016)
• Sustainable Groundwater Management in Coastal Aquifers: Demre Plain (Antalya) Pilot Study, BAYARI, C. Serdar (Prof.) (Project Manager), TUBİTAK CAYDAG, Project no: 113Y072 (2012-2015).
• Investigation of Seawater Initiative Dynamics and Water Quality in Demre Plain (Antalya), Bayarı, C. Serdar, (Prof. Dr.) (Project Leader) Hacettepe University Scientific Research Project, N. Nur Özyurt, Pınar Avcı, Gizem Erkan ( Assistant Researcher), Project No: 013D01602-001 (2012-2015).
• AVCI P., BAYARI, C. S., ÖZYURT, N. N. (2019). Groundwater Flow Dynamics in Demre Coastal Aquifer (Antalya) in the Light of Continuous and Discontinuous Groundwater Level, Temperature and Specific Electrical Conductivity Data in Time. DEUFMD, 21 (63), 897-909. DOI: 10.21205 / deumfd.2019216318
• Bozan, Ç., Avcı, P., Özyurt, N.N., Bayarı, C.S., “Hydrogeological Conceptual Model of Gazipaşa (Antalya) Coastal Aquifer”, Pamukkale Univ Muh Bilim Derg. 2019; 25 (3): 352-363 DOI: 10.5505 / pajes.2018.58855
• Avcı, P., Bayarı C.S., 2016, Environmental Isotopic and Hydrogeochemical Properties of Demre (Antalya) Coastal Aquifer, DSI Technical Bulletin (120): 1-13.
• Avcı P., Bayarı C.S., Ozyurt N.N., 2016, Sustainable Groundwater Management in Demre Coastal Aquifer (SW Turkey), Rend. Online Soc. Geol. It. Suppl. n. Buy 1 Vol. 39: 617. DOI: 10.3301 / ROL.2016.63
• N. Nur Özyurt, Özümcan A Kaya, Pınar Avcı, Ayşe Muhammetoğlu, “Investigation of Groundwater Origin with Water Isotopes in Antalya Travertine Plateau Aquifer” 5th National Symposium on Isotope Techniques in Hydrology, 16- 18 October 2019 Istanbul, Abstract Book p 87-96 .
• Avcı Pınar, C. Serdar Bayarı, N. Nur Özyurt ”Environmental Isotope Applications In Mediterranean Coastal Plains Of Turkey: Effects Of Irrigation” International Symposium on Isotope Hydrology: Advancing the Understanding of Water Cycle Processes, Vienna-Austria, 20-24 May 2019, Abstract ID 16.
• Avcı Pınar, C. Serdar Bayarı, N. Nur Özyurt, “Determinatıon the impact of clımate change and water demand scenarıos on Demre coastal aquıfer (Antalya, Turkey)”, 9th International Symposium on Eastern Mediterranean Geology, Turkey, 7-11 May 2018, Abstract Book, p.48
• AVCI Pınar, Hydrogeological Features of Mediterranean Coastal Plains: Demre and Gazipaşa Plains, Integrated Management of Groundwater Quality in Agricultural Karstic Regions TUBİTAK Project Workshop, Antalya, 24 May 2017.
• BOZAN, Ç., AVCI, P., ÖZYURT; N.N., ERKAN, G. BAYARI C. S :, Isotope and Hydrochemical Hydrogeological Model of Gazipaşa (Antalya) Coastal Plain Aquifer, 70th Turkish Geology Congress, Ankara, 10-14 April 2017, Book of Proceedings, 288-289s.
• P. AVCI, “Hydrogeological Characteristics of Mediterranean Coastal Plains Demre and Gazipaşa Plains,” presented at the INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF GROUNDWATER QUALITY IN AGRICULTURAL CARSTIC REGIONS UNIT WORKSHOP, Antalya, 2017.
• AVCI Pınar, Bayarı CS, Özyurt NN, Long Term Groundwater Level Changes In Demre Coastal Aquıfer (SW, Turkey) As a Measure of Sustainable Use of the Aquifer, World Multidisciplinary Earth Sciences Symposium (WMESS 2016), Czech Republic, Prague, 05 -09 September 2016, WMESS 2016 Abstract Collection Book, 80p.
• P. AVCI, CS BAYARI, and NN ÖZYURT, “Environmental isotopes as a tool for food security sustainable groundwater management in the coastal Demre plain Antalya SW Turkey,” presented at the International Symposium on Isotope Hydrology: Revisiting Foundations and Exploring Frontiers, 2015 .
• P. AVCI, C. S. BAYARI, and N. N. ÖZYURT, “Sustainable Groundwater Management in Demre Coastal Aquifer SW Turkey,” presented at the Aqua 2015: Hydrogeology Back to the Future, 2015.
Official Web Page
icp.hacettepe.edu.tr